Modulation of vergence by off-vertical yaw axis rotation in the monkey normal characteristics and effects of space flight
Identifieur interne : 002782 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002781; suivant : 002783Modulation of vergence by off-vertical yaw axis rotation in the monkey normal characteristics and effects of space flight
Auteurs : Mingjia Dai [États-Unis] ; Theodore Raphan [États-Unis] ; Inessa Kozlovskaya [États-Unis] ; Bernard Cohen [Russie]Source :
- Experimental Brain Research [ 0014-4819 ] ; 1996-09-01.
Abstract
Abstract: Horizontal movements of both eyes were recorded simultaneously using scleral search coils in 2 rhesus monkeys before and after the COSMOS 2229 spaceflight of 1992–1993. Another 9 monkeys were tested at comparable time intervals and served as controls. Ocular vergence, defined as the difference in horizontal position between the left and right eyes, was measured during off-vertical yaw axis rotation (OVAR) in darkness. Vergence was modulated sinusoidally as a function of head position with regard to gravity during OVAR. The amplitude of peak-to-peak modulation increased with increments in tilt of the angle of the rotational axis (OVAR tilt angle) that ranged from 15° to 90°. Of the 11 monkeys tested, 1 had no measurable modulation in vergence. In the other 10, the mean amplitude of the peak to peak modulation was 5.5°±1.3° at 90° tilt. Each of these monkeys had maximal vergence when its nose was pointed close to upward (gravity back; mean phase: -0.9°±26°). After space flight, the modulation in vergence was reduced by over 50% for the two flight monkeys, but the phase of vergence modulation was not altered. The reduction in vergence modulation was sustained for the 11-day postflight testing period. We conclude that changes in vergence are induced in monkeys by the sinusoidal component of gravity acting along the naso-occipital axis during yaw axis OVAR, and that the modulation of the vergence reflex is significantly less sensitive to linear acceleration after space flight.
Url:
DOI: 10.1007/BF00229551
Affiliations:
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Another 9 monkeys were tested at comparable time intervals and served as controls. Ocular vergence, defined as the difference in horizontal position between the left and right eyes, was measured during off-vertical yaw axis rotation (OVAR) in darkness. Vergence was modulated sinusoidally as a function of head position with regard to gravity during OVAR. The amplitude of peak-to-peak modulation increased with increments in tilt of the angle of the rotational axis (OVAR tilt angle) that ranged from 15° to 90°. Of the 11 monkeys tested, 1 had no measurable modulation in vergence. In the other 10, the mean amplitude of the peak to peak modulation was 5.5°±1.3° at 90° tilt. Each of these monkeys had maximal vergence when its nose was pointed close to upward (gravity back; mean phase: -0.9°±26°). After space flight, the modulation in vergence was reduced by over 50% for the two flight monkeys, but the phase of vergence modulation was not altered. The reduction in vergence modulation was sustained for the 11-day postflight testing period. We conclude that changes in vergence are induced in monkeys by the sinusoidal component of gravity acting along the naso-occipital axis during yaw axis OVAR, and that the modulation of the vergence reflex is significantly less sensitive to linear acceleration after space flight.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Russie</li><li>États-Unis</li></country><region><li>District fédéral central</li><li>État de New York</li></region><settlement><li>Moscou</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="États-Unis"><region name="État de New York"><name sortKey="Dai, Mingjia" sort="Dai, Mingjia" uniqKey="Dai M" first="Mingjia" last="Dai">Mingjia Dai</name></region><name sortKey="Kozlovskaya, Inessa" sort="Kozlovskaya, Inessa" uniqKey="Kozlovskaya I" first="Inessa" last="Kozlovskaya">Inessa Kozlovskaya</name><name sortKey="Raphan, Theodore" sort="Raphan, Theodore" uniqKey="Raphan T" first="Theodore" last="Raphan">Theodore Raphan</name></country><country name="Russie"><region name="District fédéral central"><name sortKey="Cohen, Bernard" sort="Cohen, Bernard" uniqKey="Cohen B" first="Bernard" last="Cohen">Bernard Cohen</name></region></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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